About education is islam.
We have
to understand and believe that Islam is not just a religion ruhiyah governing
worship rituals but it is an ideology that has a system of beliefs or Shari'a
universal, covering all aspects of life and be able to solve all the problems
that occur in human beings. Allah explains in Surat an-Nahl: 89 that the Qur'an
was revealed to explain everything, this means nothing unless there are rules
and explanation in Islam, including in terms of education.
Problem
study received considerable attention in Islam for education, including the
most fundamental human needs, ilmulah which measures human glory than any other
creature. Allah explains in the Qur'an: "Say (Muhammad) whether the same
people who are not knowledgeable with (TQS. Az Aumar: 9), or in another
verse:" God removed (the degree of) those who believe among you and those
who were given some degree of knowledge. "(TQS. Al Mujadalah: 11), and
reinforced by the words of the Prophet:" Seeking knowledge is obligatory
for every Muslim "(HR. Ibn Adi and Baihaqi).
Remarks
stressed that seeking knowledge is an obligation for all Muslims and not for
mere prestige.
Prophet has taught the laws of Islam to the
Muslims as a whole without distinguishing dignity, age or gender. Imam Bukhari
revealed "Teaching the Prophet to his people, both men and women about
anything that has been taught by God to him is not the result of an opinion or
an imitation".
The attention given by the Prophet not only
in theology but he had been allowed to learn the knowledge of a general nature,
such as engineering science, engineering, agriculture, medicine and so on. He
has sent two companions to Yemen to learn the technique of making advanced
weapons the moment is dabbabah (a type of tank). He also encourages women to
learn the science of weaving, write and care for the sick (treatment) as
Ash-Shifa 'bintii Abdullah instructed to teach Hafsah writing and medicine. In
addition, he instructed the parents to teach their children swimming, archery
and horse riding, which passed during the reign of Caliph Umar bin Khattab
(Tarbiyatul Aulad fil Islam: Abdullah Alwan).
All of this indicates the permissibility
studying general science, even including the obligatory kifayah when
desperately needed by the people. But to study these sciences is required in
order to learn the knowledge about Islam first as a basis for teaching Islam,
when Muslims perform a aktivias is within the framework of worship to God so as
not to break the rules that have been established.
Islam definitely make the purpose of
education is to give birth to human beings Islamic personality (patterned fikir
and soulless Islami) and provided him with knowledge pertaining to life
(Nidzamul Islam: An Nabhaniy), so the lesson delivery methods designed to
support the achievement of these goals. Thus, education in Islam is not merely
a 'transfer of knowledge' without seeing the influence on attitudes and
behavior.
To achieve the intended goal, the
curriculum is the basis of education should receive serious attention and
careful thought. Islamic Aqeedah is the sole foundation for the curriculum, so
it is not allowed to enter the teachings outside the curriculum. The doctrine
of monotheism and the Shari'ah as nidzamul life (rule of life) is a major
portion given from the ground level, while the sciences were charged new
foreign ideology is taught at the college level after Islam is studied as a
whole, and even then not to be implemented, but to recognize the damage and for
the next mistake denied. Such a system would not provide the opportunity for
foreign tsaqofah to poison the thinking of Muslims. In college will also be
opened in different directions, both in branches of Islamic sciences and
general sciences. For applied sciences such as engineering and the like are
taught according to the needs and are not bound by level of education.
The language used as an introduction to
education is Arabic so that every Muslim must learn, even Imam Shafi'i in the
book Ar Risalah fi Usul Ilmi says "Allah requires all people to learn
spoken Arabic diligently and earnestly to understand the content of the Qur'an
and to worship ".
The
education system like this will generate intellectual who not only experts in
their field but also faqih fiddiin and personality of Islam, it will not appear
meaningful separation between religion and worldly knowledge that will be
realization of an Islamic society plenary.
In
addition to the duty, education is also the right of every citizen of the
Islamic state-kufr dzimmy, then the government / Deputy must fulfill that right
and require simplicity, by pressing for as little as possible, even if it could
be free of charge for the state are parties most responsible taking care of the
needs of its people. Messenger of Allah said: "And a priest is a shepherd
/ leader and he will be held accountable for the people they lead." (HR.
Syaikhan Ahmad, Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud from Ibn 'Umar).
Prophet-as
head of state has made education strategy and encourage the Muslims to study
for free. At the beginning of the Islamic government in Madinah, he requires
that every prisoner of war of Badr to teach 10 Muslims as ransom. From this it
can be withdrawn law that the cost of education and the teaching of which is
borne by the state pilgrims rights. It was continued by Caliphs after giving
salaries to the teachers of the treasury to a certain amount, such as the
Caliph Umar bin Khattab who gave salary 15 dinar ( 63.75 grams of gold) each
month.
States
are also obliged to provide all educational facilities and infrastructure, such
as libraries, laboratories, bookstores, mass media and so on. Nevertheless, the
private sector was also allowed to provide educational facilities. How many of
the scholars of the Muslims prior vying open madrassas visited by many
students. This opportunity does not apply to foreigners who are not citizens of
an Islamic state. they are not allowed to open educational institutions, so
that the purity of faith, civilization and Islamic culture is maintained.
khatimah
Islamic
education system that has been run over the centuries since the time of the
Prophet and Caliphs later periods, especially past four caliphs and Khulafa al
Abbasid be the key to success is delivering the glory of the Muslims, became
the center of science and technology world.
Indeed,
the problem of education is just one of the many problems of the people now, and
Islam has given the answers were so detailed and thorough, but can an education
system that has proven reliability can be implemented without the Islamic
system that bases the rules of life only to Islam?.
